|
An application for employment, job application, or application form (often simply called an application) is a form or collection of forms that an individual seeking employment, called an applicant, must fill out as part of the process of informing an employer of the applicant's availability and desire to be employed, and persuading the employer to offer the applicant employment. ==Definition== From the employer's perspective, the application serves a number of purposes. These vary depending on the nature of the job and the preferences of the person responsible for hiring, as "each organization should have an application form that reflects its own environment".〔Diane Arthur, ''Recruiting, Interviewing, Selecting & Orienting New Employees'' (1998), p. 111.〕 At a minimum, an application usually requires the applicant to provide information sufficient to demonstrate that he or she is legally permitted to be employed. The typical application also requires the applicant to provide information regarding relevant skills, education, and experience (previous employment or volunteer work). The application itself is a minor test of the applicant's literacy, penmanship, and communication skills - a careless job applicant might disqualify themselves with a poorly filled-out application. The application may also require the applicant to disclose any criminal record, and to provide information sufficient to enable the employer to conduct an appropriate background check. For a business that employs workers on a part-time basis, the application may inquire as to the applicant's specific times and days of availability, and preferences in this regard. It is important to note, however, that an employer may be prohibited from asking applicants about characteristics that are not relevant to the job, such as their political view or sexual orientation.〔〔Donald H. Weiss, ''Fair, Square & Legal: Safe Hiring, Managing & Firing Practices to Keep You and Your Company Out of Court'' (2004), p. 45.〕 For white collar jobs, particularly those requiring communication skills, the employer will typically require applicants to accompany the form with a cover letter and a résumé.〔Sandra Bunting, ''The Interviewer's Handbook: Successful Interviewing Techniques for the Workplace'' (2005), p. 82.〕 However, even employers who accept a cover letter and résumé will frequently also require the applicant to complete a form application, as the other documents may neglect to mention details of importance to the employers.〔Diane Arthur, ''Recruiting, Interviewing, Selecting & Orienting New Employees'' (1998), p. 168.〕〔Joe Kennedy, ''The Small Business Owner's Manual'' (2005), p. 122.〕 In some instances, an application is effectively used to dissuade "walk-in" applicants, serving as a barrier between the applicant and a job interview with the person with the authority to hire.〔Diane Arthur, ''Recruiting, Interviewing, Selecting & Orienting New Employees'' (1998), p. 59.〕 For many businesses, applications for employment can be filled out online, and do not have to be submitted in person. However, it is still recommended that applicants bring a printed copy of their application to an interview.〔A C "Buddy" Krizan, Patricia Merrier, Joyce P. Logan, ''Business Communication'' (2010), p. 551.〕 Application blanks are the second most common hiring instrument next to personal interviews. Companies will occasionally use two types of application blanks, short and long. They both help companies with initial screening and the longer form can be used for other purposes as well. The answers that applicants choose to submit are helpful to the company because they can become an interview question for that applicant at a future date. Application blanks can either be done by hand or electronically, depending on the company. When submitting an application blank typically companies will ask you attach a one-page cover letter as well as a resume. Applicants tend to make the mistake of sharing too much information with the company and their application will be immediately overlooked. Offering too much information gives the company a bigger opportunity to find something they do not like. Please ask or find a copy of the job ad before applying for a job to make sure you list your key skills and expertise that matches the job you are applying for first on your job application, resume and cover letter to help you not list too much information. Companies are not allowed to ask certain questions in person or on an application such as age, health status, religion, marital status, about children, race, height, weight, or whom you live with♮. ♮ 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「application for employment」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|